How Migration Makes a City
In this four-part miniseries, we spoke with six scholars whose research addresses different aspects, geographies, and approaches to analyzing and understanding the relationship between migration and urban politics and culture. In this episode, we’ll hear from collaborators Deirdre Conlon and Nancy Hiemstra about their decade-long project on detention economies; Leslie Gross-Wrytzen on how migration has shaped Moroccan cities; David Kaufmann on the important but fraught role of NGOs; and Andrew Baldwin raises some important and understudied questions on the relationship between urban climate migration and property.
The Politics and Experience of Sanctuary Cities
In this four-part miniseries, we spoke with six scholars whose research addresses different aspects, geographies, and approaches to analyzing and understanding the relationship between migration and urban politics and culture. In this episode, we take a multidisciplinary look at the sanctuary city with political scientist David Kaufmann and historian Domenic Vitiello, and examine the fraught concept of climate migration with Andrew Baldwin.
Toward a state-led, market-enabled commons
What is community energy? What does green energy have anything to do with local places, democracy and common goods? How do lay people contribute to the production and the distribution of solar energy? These may be some usual questions coming to people’s minds whenever group solar or collective power campaigns pop up on the press or in the forums. Community energy is a type of community-owned, -financed, and -operated renewable energy supply in the form of a project or program initiated by a group of people united by a place, a neighborhood, and/or a set of common interests.
Intimate entanglements
In this four-part miniseries, we spoke with six scholars whose research addresses different aspects, geographies, and approaches to analyzing and understanding the relationship between migration and urban politics and culture. This episode delves into recent debates in critical geography that explore the relationships between racism, migration, borders, and labor.
Experiences of policing in gentrifying neighborhoods
Cities in the United States are well known for their segregation and sharply different experiences of policing across neighborhood boundaries. Extensive social science research has shown that “race-class subjugated neighborhoods” with concentrated populations of low-income Black and Latino residents experience harsh and punitive policing, whereas high-income and mostly-white neighborhoods experience limited police contact. In the former neighborhoods, residents also express frustration that policing does not address concerns about crime or violence, leading to these neighborhoods being simultaneously “over-policed and under-protected.”
Community Benefits Through an Anchor
This project explores how anchor developers are contested throughout their planning and what the outcomes of these contestations teach us about accountability in urban governance. I look at this phenomenon through the case of the planning of the Obama Presidential Center (OPC), an anchor institution built by the Obama Foundation that features a museum of President Barack Obama’s presidency and a campus for Foundation programs. The Obama Foundation partnered with another nearby anchor, the University of Chicago, to plan the future OPC, which will be constructed in Chicago’s Woodlawn neighborhood. The University has a fraught relationship with Woodlawn residents due to its racist treatment towards Black residents spanning back through the 20th century.
“The councilors are the ones to blame”
When we engage with others, it is not on neutral ground. Instead, we interact on territories marked by power and social distinctions. Take neighborhoods, for example — these areas have social rules and purposes. Some of these rules may dictate that we are not allowed to step on the grass, that we should avoid going there at night, or that they are reserved for those who live there. As this illustrates, territories are not neutral; they shape who we are, how we should behave, for what purpose, and who has a say and ownership over space. Who determines the power dynamics within territories? Literature shows that territories are simultaneously created from above, where the state plays a determinant role and from below by those who inhabit them. However, some questions remain unanswered, particularly the state's role in creating territories vis-á-vis citizens' initiatives.
Mobile Borders and Urban Landscapes
In this four-part miniseries, we spoke with six scholars whose research addresses different aspects, geographies, and approaches to analyzing and understanding the relationship between migration and urban politics and culture. After introducing our guests for the series, this episode works through the concept of the border as a mobile entity that carries very real and concrete implications.
What Court Mergers Teach Us About Cutting Government Costs
Across the world, consolidation is a common way of reforming local government. Advocates argue that combining two or more local governments enables the new, larger government to reduce spending by providing services more efficiently. One way that mergers achieve this is by spreading large capital costs over a larger population: instead of two small towns operating their own trash removal service or two small school districts running two administrative systems, the larger local government can operate one. It is also argued that mergers can reduce spending through the elimination of redundant departments, services, and staff.
Resettled Refugees and African Americans in the Same Neighborhoods
Our study delves into the relationship between resettled refugees and native Black Americans who share neighborhoods but may experience distinct realities. We aim to understand if refugees and native Blacks perceive their surroundings similarly; if they interact; and whether they view each other as strangers, threats, or potential allies for collective problem-solving. Our investigation focuses on intergroup dynamics and local power relations between "old locals" (incumbent residents) and "new locals" (resettled refugees) to assess opportunities for community building between these historically minoritized multiethnic groups.
Analog alternatives to the urban platform
In our final installment of this four-part cities on cities and technology, we wrap up our conversations on smart cities, urban platforms, knowledge production, and civic intelligence by exploring alternative approaches to urban transformation – analog and digital. Tune in to learn more about the Anti-Eviction Mapping Project, the changing geography of carbon economies, and what post offices and hardware stores can teach us about community.
With a little help from my friends?
Cities around the world face declining revenues and increasing demands for public services by residents and commuters. Large metropolises have been navigating times of deficit for a long time. The pandemic only intensified these dynamics, particularly in big cities. Cross-boundary dynamics, such as contracting out or joint production of services, are well-known practices intended to (a) lower the costs of services, (b) increase service quality, and/or (c) enable access to certain services.
Urban Platforms: Uploading the City
Part three of our four-part series on cities and technology attempts to grapple with the urban platform, platform urbanism, and the messy consequences of implementing these approaches in cities. Is a city like a platform, or is it a platform? What kinds of data do urban platforms need to operate, and what kinds of subjects do those data make? This episode features excerpts from all six scholars in the series who untangle these threads and challenge the assumptions of tech-driven policies.
‘Anywhere but Here’
Homelessness is a pressing issue in many communities across the United States, with California often at the epicenter of the crisis. Despite numerous policy initiatives aimed at its alleviation, for six straight years, the problem has increased nationwide. Areas where we had seen improvement, such as veteran and family homelessness, are again on the rise. Meanwhile, racial disparities in homelessness are at an all-time high, with communities of color experiencing the phenomenon at three to four times the percentage of their overall representation in the population.
How smart is the Smart City?
In part two of this four-part series on cities and technology, we turned our attention to smart cities. This concept gained some traction over the last decade as a technocratic solution to urban problems. Through the use of open data, widespread surveillance systems, and various digital data-generating tools, the smart city promised an apolitical suite of practices that could improve and optimize city governance and life. But as we learned in Part One, nothing about technology is politically neutral. We speak with four different scholars on their work in the smart cities arena and how it intersects with postcolonial critique, economic development, and the politics of open data.
Open Peer Review at UAR
Urban Affairs Review is pleased to announce a new open peer review pilot program! If your article is accepted for publication following our double-blind review process, you will have the opportunity, if you choose, for your peer reviewers to revise and publish their original comments and responses to your article, as a stand-alone commentary (maximum 2,000 words) once the central article is published. You as the author(s) will also have an opportunity to respond to reviewers’ comments in a stand-alone response essay (maximum 2,000 words).
From the Local to the Hyperlocal
Mark Chou (Austrialian Catholic University) reviews “Small Isn’t Beautiful: The Case Against Localism” and “Hyperlocal: Place Governance in a Fragmented World” in this book review essay.
What We Talk About When We Talk About Technology
In this first installment of a four-part series, we spoke with six scholars about how they think about technology in relation to the city and the urban. We drill into the etymology and anthropological implications of how technology really operates in our daily lives, and preview some of our discussions in the series.
Political Underrepresentation Among Public Benefits Recipients
In November 2020, all eyes were on Pennsylvania in the lead-up to the hotly-contested presidential election. Four years prior, Donald Trump had carried the state by under 45,000 votes, out of more than six million ballots cast. Given its pivotal position as a presidential swing state, campaigns and grassroots groups blanketed the state to register and then turn out people to vote. Turnout in that election broke modern records.
But one key group of eligible voters was underrepresented among the record-high electorate: people receiving means-tested public benefits. Studying voter registration and voting in a large county in Pennsylvania, we found that people enrolled in means-tested public benefits programs register to vote and vote much less often than non-recipients.